Steel plays a central role in the green transition, but reducing emissions in the sector remains a major challenge. European steel producers face increasing pressure to decarbonize while remaining competitive, and the costs of this transition are still uncertain.

The research highlights why understanding the real cost of decarbonization is critical for decision-making. Investment choices, energy strategies, and policy design all depend on reliable estimates of what low-carbon steel production will require in practice.

The episode is produced by SciPod and is available via the SciPod platform, as well as on Spotify and other major streaming services.