AJI Intelligence and Security Programme

The AJI Intelligence and Security Programme is an academic project that examines the role of intelligence and secret services in statecraft, diplomacy, and international security.

Based at the Center for Statecraft and Strategic Communication (CSSC), the programme is a part of the Ax:son Johnson Institute for Statecraft and Diplomacy.

Led by Dr. Matthew Hefler, the AJI Intelligence and Security Programme is dedicated to producing policy-relevant insight, providing education on issues of espionage and defense, and to fostering dialogue among scholars and current and former intelligence practitioners.

For more information on the AJI Intelligence and Security Programme, contact Dr. Hefler at Matthew.Hefler@hhs.se. Those interested in attending the Digital Seminar series should register here to receive invitations. 

AJI Intelligence and Security Seminar 2025: Intelligence and Contemporary Global Challenges

Digital Seminar Series

The AJI Intelligence and Security Programme Digital Seminar is a monthly gathering dedicated to cutting-edge intelligence research and analysis. It is designed as an online hub for intelligence specialists, scholars or general public interested in issues of security and statecraft, and a place where researchers and current and former intelligence practitioners can interact. Most of all, the seminar is a forum for the study of intelligence and security in the Nordic countries and across the transatlantic AJI more broadly.

The digital seminar takes place the third Tuesday of every month during the academic year, at 10:00 EST / 15:00 GMT / 16:00 CET. Those interested in attending the seminar should register here.

Seminar Leads:

Convenor:
Dr. Matthew Hefler,  Stockholm School of Economics

Co-Convenors:
Dr. Rikard Westerberg, Stockholm School of Economics
Dr. Kristin Ven Bruusgaard, Norwegian Intelligence School, NORIS
Dr. Tony Ingesson, Lund University
Dr. Clément Renault, Institut de Recherche Stratégique de l'Ecole Militaire (IRSEM)
John Sipher, Atlantic Council, Former Senior Intelligence Officer
Marc Polymeropoulos, Former Senior Intelligence Official
Dr. Ronan Mainprize, Stockholm School of Economics
Dr. Niklas Rossbach, Swedish Defence University (Försvarshögskolan)
Professor Hans Jörgensen, Umeå University

AJI Intelligence and Security Digital Seminar Series 2026-27

Upcoming Seminars:

15 September 2026 – 11:20 EST / 16:20 GMT / 17:20 CET: The Honourable Bob Rae

Former Ambassador and Permanent Representative of Canada to the United Nations

Canada and the United States in a Changing World 

Bio:
Bob Rae is currently serving as the Prime Minister’s Special Envoy on Humanitarian and Refugee Issues. He is Senior Counsel at Olthuis Kleer Townshend LLP, a law firm that focuses on indigenous issues, and teaches at the University of Toronto as a Professor of Public Policy in the Munk School, the Faculty of Law and Victoria College.

Elected eleven times to the House of Commons and the legislature of Ontario, he served as Ontario’s 21st Premier as well as Interim Leader of the Liberal Party of Canada. Rae is the author of 5 books – most recently editing the forthcoming volume: Reclaiming Canadian Sovereignty in a Ruptured World.

Bob Rae is a Companion of the Order of Canada, a member of the Order of Ontario, a Privy Councillor and a King’s Counsel.  He is a Senior Fellow of Massey College and of the Forum of Federations, an international NGO which he co-founded in 1998.

20 October 2026 – 10:00 EST / 15:00 GMT / 16:00 CET: Professor Marina Henke

Professor of International Relations at the Hertie School and Director of the Centre for International Security

Intervention Entrepreneurs: Revisiting Power and Process in US Intervention Decision-Making

This book project advances our understanding of agency in intervention decisions: what types of actors advocate for military interventions, and what techniques do they use to push their intervention proposal?  The book focuses on intervention entrepreneurs, which I define as individuals or groups that strategically promote the launch of a specific military intervention. These actors set up constraints for other decision makers to operate in by, for example, creating and spreading a powerful narrative for intervention, establishing faits accomplis that create a slippery slope toward intervention, and building domestic and international political coalitions in favor of intervention. These constraints modify the parameters of the decision-making process and often move the needle toward intervention at critical political junctures when intervention plans are put in doubt. The book draws from historical and contemporary cases to illustrate this theory including the Gulf War, the Iraq War, NATO intervention in Kosovo and NATO intervention in Libya. 

Bio:
Marina Henke is Professor of International Relations at the Hertie School and Director of the Centre for International Security. She researches and publishes on grand strategy, nuclear security and European security and defence policy. Before joining the Hertie School, she was an Associate Professor (with tenure) at Northwestern University, specialising in international relations, as well as at Princeton University where she was a Lecturer and Postdoctoral Research Associate at the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs. She holds a PhD in Politics and Public Policy from Princeton University, a Double Master of Science in Development Studies and International Political Economy from Sciences Po Paris and the London School of Economics and Political Science, and a Bachelor of Arts in Economics, Politics and Latin American Studies from Sciences Po Paris. Her book “Constructing Allied Cooperation” published with Cornell University Press in 2019 won the prestigious 2020 Lepgold Best Book Award, the ISA 2020 Diplomacy section Best Book Award, and the APSA 2020 International Collaboration section Best Book Award.

17 November 2026 – 10:00 EST / 15:00 GMT / 16:00 CET: General Michael V. Hayden (Ret.)

Former Director of the Central Intelligence Agency and National Security Agency 
 
The Five Eyes: American Intelligence Alliances in a Changing World

Bio:
General Michael V. Hayden is the former Director of the Central Intelligence Agency. Before becoming Director of CIA, General Hayden served as the country’s first Principal Deputy Director of National Intelligence – and was the highest-ranking intelligence officer in the armed forces. Earlier, he served as Director of the National Security Agency (NSA). 

He is a Distinguished Visiting Professor at George Mason University. He is also founder of the Hayden Center for Intelligence, Policy and International Security at George Mason. In 2014 he was the inaugural Humanitas Visiting Professor in Intelligence Studies at Oxford University in the United Kingdom. 

His book, Playing to the Edge: American Intelligence in the Age of Terror, was a New York Times best-seller and was selected as one of the 100 most notable books of 2016. His most recent work, The Assault on Intelligence: American National Security in an Age of Lies, was also a New York Times best seller and addresses the impact of a post-truth world on the intelligence enterprise.

8 December 2026 – 10:00 EST / 15:00 GMT / 16:00 CET: Professor Phillips O’Brien 

Professor of Strategic Studies at the University of St. Andrews
 
Analyzing Wars: Why Have We Failed So Spectacularly And What Can We Do About It?

The analytical and academic communities face a crisis in their analysis of war. Over the previous 75 years, as analytical organizations have multiplied and Intelligence communities have become vast, arguably our analysis of war has become worse. It is hard to think of a greater failure in strategic analytical history than the total lack of understanding in early 2022 about the Russian military, the Ukrainian military and what a war between them might resemble. This paper will try to understand why such failure have if anything gotten worse and how they might be corrected.

Bio:
Professor Phillips O’Brien is the Chair of Strategic Studies and Head of the School of International Relations at the University of St Andrews. He has published widely on issues of conflict, politics, war and strategy in the 20th and 21st centuries. Amongst his earlier books are: How the War was Won: Air-Sea Power and Allied Victory in World War II (Cambridge University Press, 2015) and The Second Most Powerful Man in the World: The Life of Admiral William D. Leahy, FDR’s Chief of Staff, (Penguin/Random House 2015). In 2024 he published a new multi-archival study of grand-strategy making in World War II with Penguin/Random House, entitled: The Strategists: How Churchill, Stalin, Hitler, Mussolini and Roosevelt were Made by and Made War and in 2025 he published his latest book, War and Power: Who Wins Wars and Why. He has also published multiple articles in major journals including Foreign Affairs, Diplomatic History, the Journal of Strategic Studies, and, Past and Present.

Professor O’Brien has been particularly active as an analyst and commentator during this most recent phase of the Russo-Ukraine War. He has been appointed as a Senior Adviser (non-residential) at the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) in Washington DC and has worked with scholars and analysts in Ukraine and much the rest of Europe and across the Atlantic to try and digest some of the lessons of the war. His commentary has been published most regularly in The Atlantic, and also in The Times, The Spectator, The Telegraph and other major newspapers and journals, while he has made media appearances for outlets in more than 15 countries, including MSNBC, CNN, NPR, BBC, DW and L’Express

 

Past Seminars 2026

27 January 2026 - 10:00 EST / 15:00 GMT / 16:00 CET
Jeffrey Rogg – Book Talk: The Spy and the State: The History of American Intelligence

Abstract: Is the NSA spying on Americans? It wouldn't be the first time. Does the CIA still assassinate people? Depends on what you mean by "assassinate." Is the intelligence community really a "deep state" that subverts American democracy? Not exactly, but it has interfered in politics too often in US history. These types of questions have preoccupied the American people and international audiences in recent years. But the origins of these and other controversies reach back even further in US history. The Spy and the State provides readers with the foundation to understand the past, navigate the present, and shape the future of American intelligence.

Bio: Dr. Jeffrey Rogg is Senior Research Fellow at the University of South Florida’s Global and National Security Institute. Previously, he was an assistant professor at the Joint Special Operations University (U.S. Special Operations Command) and The Citadel. He was also a postdoctoral fellow in the National Security Affairs Department at the U.S. Naval War College. Jeff is the vice president of the Society for Intelligence History and an assistant editor of Intelligence and National Security. His work has appeared in several academic journals and volumes as well as media including The Wall Street Journal, The Washington Post, The National Interest, The Hill, and the Los Angeles Times. Jeff’s book, The Spy and the State: The History of American Intelligence, was published by Oxford University Press in June 2025. Jeff has a BA in Latin and ancient history from Swarthmore College, a JD from Villanova University School of Law, an MA in security studies from Georgetown University, and a PhD in history from The Ohio State University. He served six years in the Massachusetts Army National Guard as an infantryman.
 
10 February 2026 - 10:00 EST / 15:00 GMT / 16:00 CET
John Blaxland - Revealing Secrets About the Antecedents of the Five Eyes Network

Abstract: This lecture examines the evolution of signals intelligence (SIGINT) and cyber capabilities as core pillars of the Five Eyes intelligence partnership. Tracing developments from early cryptology and wartime SIGINT cooperation to contemporary cyber operations, it highlights how technological change, alliance trust, and shared operational experience shaped enduring intelligence integration among Australia, the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, and New Zealand. Case studies from the Second World War, the Cold War, and post–Cold War operations illustrate continuity and adaptation in intelligence practice. The lecture concludes by assessing contemporary challenges—from cyber vulnerability to alliance strain—and explores future trajectories for Five Eyes cooperation in an increasingly contested Indo-Pacific environment.

Bio: Dr John Blaxland is Director of the ANU North America Liaison Office and Professor of International Security and Intelligence Studies in the Strategic and Defence Studies Centre (SDSC), Coral Bell School of Asia Pacific Affairs, College of Asia and the Pacific at the Australian National University (ANU). A former Australian military intelligence officer, he is a trusted and highly regarded historian who has authored or co-authored over a dozen broad-ranging works on international, military, security and intelligence affairs including: Revealing Secrets: An Unofficial History of Australian Signals Intelligence and the Advent of Cyber (UNSW Press, 2023); The Secret Cold War: the official history of the Australian Security Intelligence Organisation (ASIO), Vol. III (Allen & Unwin, 2016); and The Protest Years: the official history of ASIO, Vol., II (Allen & Unwin, 2015). He is also an occasional media commentator. 
 
10 March 2026 - 10:00 EST / 15:00 GMT / 16:00 CET
Richard J. Aldrich - US intelligence, Secrecy, and the Media in the 21st Century

Abstract: America is a notably open society, showcased by a First Amendment that allows the press an almost unique freedom to publish on national security matters. Yet America has also given high priority to national intelligence and takes pride in its numerous secret agencies. More than any other country America exemplifies the paradox of an open society defended by secret means.  Almost from its foundation the CIA has had to pursue espionage and covert action amid what might be called a national culture of unsecrecy that required sophistication and self-restraint on all sides. But after 9/11 the established conventions that made this consensus possible gradually collapsed. Over the next two decades following 9/11, what was once an animated national security conversation, admittedly testy at times, was displaced by something rather more chaotic, with many of these more recent issues focused on the White House. Why was America’s unique culture of unsecrecy finally unravelling?

Bio: Richard J. Aldrich is a Professor of International Security at the University of Warwick and a Fellow of the Royal Historical Society. He is the author of many books, including GCHQ, The Hidden Hand, The Black Door, and The Secret Royals.

14 April 2026 - 10:00 EST / 15:00 GMT / 16:00 CET
Gudrun Persson - Novel insights into Russian military thought—from the Crimean War to the war in Ukraine
 
Abstract: The development of the Russian military's strategic thought is an understudied and thus misunderstood subject in the West. Strategy in Russia encompasses the broader context of foreign and domestic policy as well as the military's ties to the country's leadership. The military's strategic thought is closely linked to Russia's existence as a state and explains patterns of Russian confrontation. In Russian Military Thought, the renowned scholar Gudrun Persson offers novel insights into Russian military thought on doctrine and strategy, from the Crimean War to Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine. Persson dismantles the simplistic notion that Russian military thought is "backward," instead presenting a deeper analysis of the drivers that influence the changes in Russian military strategy. Through archival research based on Russian language sources, Persson offers a multidisciplinary perspective, drawing on theoretical insights from history and political science that enable her to make a nuanced, qualitative analysis.
This book will be essential reading for practitioners, scholars, and students who seek to understand the mind-set of the current Russian leadership and the constraints that shape Russia's future possibilities.

Bio: Dr. Gudrun Persson, Associate Professor at the Slavic Department, Stockholm University. She has published widely on Russian affairs, including five monographs. She is a member of The Royal Swedish Academy of War Sciences, and The Royal Society of Naval Sciences. Her latest book is "Russian Military Thought: The Evolution of Strategy since the Crimean War" (Georgetown University Press, 2025).

12 May 2026 - 10:00 EST / 15:00 GMT / 16:00 CET
Damien Van Puyvelde - The French DGSE: Secrecy, Reform, and Representation

Abstract: France has traditionally treated intelligence as a secret instrument of executive power, rooted in raison d’État and largely shielded from public scrutiny. Yet in recent decades, intelligence has gradually emerged as a recognised public policy domain, accompanied by growing oversight, public communication, and cultural representation. The evolution of the Direction Générale de la Sécurité Extérieure (DGSE) reflects this shift. Once associated primarily with covert operations and scandals, France's foreign intelligence service now occupies a more visible place in political discourse while promoting selective narratives about its missions, values, and past performance, from its Second World War heritage to more recent episodes such as French intelligence assessments of Iraqi weapons of mass destruction. How do intelligence agencies construct and sustain legitimacy in democratic societies? And how do institutional self-representations shape reform and mediate tensions between secrecy and accountability?

Bio: Damien Van Puyvelde is Associate Professor and Head of the Intelligence and Security Research Group at Leiden University. He also serves as a research fellow with the Strategic Research Institute of the French Ministry of Armed Forces. He is the author of Outsourcing US Intelligence, co-author of Cybersecurity: Politics, Governance and Conflict in Cyberspace (Polity), and co-editor of Researching National Security Intelligence, and Covert Action: National Approaches to unacknowledged interventions. His latest book: The DGSE: A Concise History of France's Foreign Intelligence Service, is now out with Georgetown University Press.